Investigation of My Personality According to Five Personality Theories

Psychology is the combined elements of Physiology and Philosophy. It is the discipline relate with behavior and mental processes. It also covers how they effect the external and internal environment of on organism. There are numerous approaches to discovering a systematic conjecture of personality in order to answer some of the tetchy questions that have developed in psychology regarding this phenomenon. Personality is believed to be possessed by all pile in differing degrees.How people tend to think, feel, and behave and what causes individuals to have these tendencies are questions addressed by personality possibleness and query. Whereas developmental psychology and social psychology have merged as a subject result in psychology, personality has never truly found that unity. There has never been a fundamentally gratifying definition as to what personality is. These aspects have not prevented personality from being the subject of psychological research and theory-making.One day Ive began to consider about my personality detailed while believeing Psychology. thusly Ive just realized changes in my character and behavior, but didnt pay much care to study each side of my personality deeply. During the investigation of my personality Ive done some tests to remove about my personality better. My personality consort to psycho analytic theory When I passes the test questions C. Jungs analytic theory I have realized that I am related to the ESFP providers.I am not an extraverted person and reserved person and I usually prefer being alone. My personality according to Humanistic theory The focus of the humanistic perspective is on the self, which translates into YOU, and your perception of your experiences. This veiw argues that I am on the loose(p) to choose my own behavior, rather than reacting to environmental stimuli and reinforcers. My personality according to Behavioral theory A behavioral theory is relatively easy to develop, as you simply assess bo th leadership success and the actions of leaders.With a large enough study, you can then correlate statistically significant behaviors with success. harmonize to Social encyclopaedism theory I think People learn through observing others behavior, attitudes, and outcomes of those behaviors. Social learning theory explains human behavior in terms of continuous reciprocal interaction between cognitive, behavioral, and environmental influences. According to Trait theory The trait approach to personality is one of the major theoretical areas in the study of personality.The trait theory suggests that individual personalities are composed broad dispositions. Consider how you would describe the personality of a close friend. Consequently,I would like to say that I believe people are an open book. If you watch what they do and listen to what they say over time, I think they give us a pretty rock-steady picture of their personality and attitudes. I know that is a sweeping generality, but I think it holds true(a) in most people

Agency Problem in SOEs of China

Agency caper is a universal paradox wherever it is in westerly countries or China. It is inevitable during the development of the firms organization. As long as the interest groups between the receiveer and focusing are non aligned, the conflict is existed. Many western firms collapse established the rules and incentive systems to pr veritable(a)t delegacy problem. Somehow it works. We find it is non fair to middling to everywherecome the problem.China has undergone a long period economic reform. During the reform, how to improve the SOEs performance is a tempestuous focus. In the past, alone the SOEs were controlled by the government, what the companies doing were decided by the government, then on one side the executives did not take the full responsibility for the familiarity on the other side, the officer blamed the make lovers for the bad performance. there are no clear saltation on the put of liberty and responsibilities. (see Georges Enderle) The clientele office problem became make up worse because of this phenomenon. Now China has tried a lot of methods to establish the modern organization of SOEs. The boundary between the government and the executives of SOEs has been clearly stigmatize. Some SOES have been published. However we find that the effect problem legato exist more or less and the business estimable motive do be twisting. And business morality great deal play a virtually important role in dealing with the agency problem during the economic reform.2. Definition of agency problemBefore we go further, we need to define what is agent and what is agency problem. Agent is the entity where Management represents owners the agency kindred is the relationship between the principal and the agent, in which the agency acts for the principal. And what is agency problem? The agency problem aftermaths from the separation of management and the ownership of the firm. Agency problem can be clarified as the followings Agents white thorn consume excessive perks. Agents whitethorn shirk (not expend their best efforts). Agents whitethorn act in their best interest (instead of the interest of the principal).3. Why does Agency Problem happen?On the very beginning, almost firms were meand on the family and their management was the members within the family, and there was not agency problem at all, because the management and ownership were aligned, no interest conflict. As the firms grow, it seems they need high management skills and the existed relationship within the management restricted the growth of the firms. Furthermore, it was more than more difficult to raise new equity. then(prenominal) they hired the professional managers to act as the owners. The agency problem is followed as this organization comes out. Due to the interest is not alignment between the managers and the owners, more or less the managers leave pursuit their own reach instead of the owners, which we thought is unethical because of the space of freedom and responsibility are not matched. (see Georges Enderle) and we will argue later.Although the goal of the firm is the maximization of shareowners wealth, in reality the agency problem may interfere with the implementation of this goal. The agency problem results from the separation of management and the ownership of the firm. For example, a firm maybe runs by the professional managers who have little or no ownership in the firm. Because of this separation of the decision-makers and owners, managers may make decisions that are not in line with the goal of maximization of shareh hoarer wealth. They may admission work less energetically and attempt to benefit themselves in terms of salary and perquisites at the cost of shareholders.The cost of Agency problem is obvious. There are the monitoring cost, bonding cost and the residual loss. supervise costs are costs incurred by the principle to monitor the actions of the agents (Ex. Annual report to shareholders). B onding costs are costs incurred by the agent to ensure they will act in the best interests of the principals (binding workplace contract). The residual loss is the implicit cost when management and shareholders interests cannot be aligned, all the same when bonding and monitoring costs are incurred.We will spend considerable time in monitoring managers and trying to align their interests with shareholders. Managers can be monitored by auditing financial statements and bonded by managers compensation packages. The interests of managers and shareholders can be aligned by establishing management stock options, bonuses, and perquisites that are directly tired to how closely their decisions coincide with the interest of shareholders. The agency problem will persist unless an incentive structures set up that aligns the interests of managers and shareholders. In other words, what is good for shareholders must also be good for managers. If that is not the case, managers will make decision s in their best interest rather than maximizing shareholder wealth.4. Does incentives or regulations eliminate the Agency Problem?A high level of compensation can result from a pay-for-performance system in which the executive has performed extremely well, or it can be the result of the agency problem, Where the executive is taking advantage of the system. Keep in mind that an executive compensation committee, appointed by the firms board of directors, generally recommends the CEOs compensation package. Also keep in mind the board of directors, although elected by the shareholders, is generally nominated for election by the CEO and thusly may be more sympathetic to the CEOs desires than to the shareholders best interests. This opens the door for good old boy networks to take care of their own and set up a compensation package that rewards, disregardless of performance, without attempting to align managers and shareholders interests.So it is essential to establish a good controll ing and monitoring system, but since it does not work so well or we have not find a perfect mechanized system to prevent it up to now. How should we do then? It is the ethical behavior that doing the right matter. A difficulty starts, however, in attempting to define doing the right thing. The problem is that each of us has his or her own set of values, which forms the basis for our individual(prenominal) judgments astir(predicate) what is the right thing to do. Every society adopts a set of rules or laws that prescribe what it believes to be doing the right thing. In a sense, we can think of laws as a set of rules that reflect the values of the society as a whole, as they have evolved. However, not all the agency problem has been against the law.As the individuals, they have a right to disagree about what constitutes doing the right thing and we will seldom venture beyond the basic notion that ethical carriage involves abiding by societys rules. And some of the ethical dile mmas that have arisen with regard to the agency problem. These dilemmas generally arise when some individual behavior is ground to be at odds with the wishes of a large good deal of the population, even though the behavior is not prohibited within law. Ethical dilemmas can therefore turn in a catalyst for discussion. Is ethics really relevant? the answer is Yes. First, although business errors can be forgiven, ethical errors cardinald to end careers and terminate future opportunities. Because unethical behavior eliminates trust, and without trust businesses can not interact. Second, the most damaging event a business can experience is a loss of the publics confidence in its ethical standards.5. The agency problems in SOES do involve business ethics dimension.By the definition of the agency problem in the SOEs in China, the managers assigned or appointed are the agents, who manage the assets of the principal.(the landed estate) They have a lot of authorities regarding personnel, funds and fixed assets etc., but they dont have the corresponding responsibilities. The situation is a result of the mismatch of the space of freedom and responsibility as indicated by Georges Enderle.According to what Prof. Georges Enderle said, the space of freedom and responsibility should match with each other. On one hand, it is unfair for soulfulness to be held responsible for something if he or she doesnt have the freedom to make decision on it. On the other hand, it will be dangerous for someone to only enjoy the space of freedom without any or less constraints or responsibility. Sooner or later, he or she will scream the authority to achieve for his or her own interests by hurting others.During the reform of the SOEs organization, the managers are granted with even more authorities for them to better manage their companies. But unfortunately, some managers undertake some unethical or even illegal activities to act against their companies and the country, which has ca empl oy a huge loss for our country. It was reported that total lost assets of the country amounted to about RMB 50 billion to 100 billion during the 1990s. The main reasons are that the managers of the SOES take advantages of their prevailed positions to gain personal interests for themselves. But they dont really worry about the loss because they will not be responsible for that. Please read the following caseXXX Company is one of the largest SOES in Guizhou Province. Started from the 1980s, the company went into a very difficult situation, making a greater loss every year. Oct. 27, 1999, an extremely take aback news exploded the company Guifang Jing, the 54-year old, female financial manager were involved in corruption of over RMB7 million. Very soon, she confessed that it was she that took advantage of her position and her professional knowledge to manipulate the financial statements and embezzle the companys assets.At the beginning, she got involved in the bank accounts transaction directly by using as vindicate that the cashier was not familiar with it. She hid 325 bank accounts in total, which amounted to RMB 57 billion in total. At the meantime, she vie a lot of tricks in distorting the bank checks and gained RMB12 billion in total. After she embezzled so much money, she started to have an abnormal mentality. One time, when she found that the company still had some cash balance in the bank, she felt very sorry for not having taking out for herself.One day when she was on the business trip, one financial clerk of the company found that one bank check of several ten thousand RMB was missing and he reported to the general manager and the latter reported to the law. Guifang Jing smelt that the police would start suss out very soon. After pondering over for several nights, she eventually recovered her sense of right and wrong and decided to give herself to the police.Lets analyze the case. It is true that she broke the law. But if her business ethics had b een good enough, she would have not got involved in such illegal and unethical behavior. She was assigned and sure by the shareholder to have the authority to manage the company assets, but she betrayed her company by abusing her space of freedom, especially when the company was in such a difficult situation. At that time she should have used her professional knowledge and cooperated with her colleagues to improve the financial performance of the company. Another reason was that there was no salutary corporate culture in the company. Employees were not encouraged and rewarded for making contributions to the company. So nobody really cared about the company. That kind of environment gave Guifang Jing opportunities to corrupt such a great amount of money.Upon knowing that the police would investigate the missing bank check, she decided to confess to the police to avoid more serious punishment. Actually, she was at the first of all stage of Konhlber-Inspired Typology of Ethical Dile mmas. If she had been in a higher stage, for instance, Stage 4 Conform to rules, laws, code, and conventions, or even higher, Stage 5 Follow principles based on respect for people and their rights, she would have not got involved to this crime.But we must be clear that the case of Guifang Jing was only one of the similar cases that happened in the SOEs in the country. Obviously the companies and the whole country need to take action to improve the business ethics, to foster a good and ethical business environment.So far, we have understood why the incentives and regulations cannot and will not run the agency problems. The agency problems do involve business ethics dimension. Then there is a base for business ethics to play an important role in dealing with the agency problems. As special K sense, human acquires knowledge through education, formal or informal. Without education (in a broad sense), people cannot determine the nature and the society. They wint have their values dev eloped in the process of learning and practice. Of course, they wont act according to the social behavior orders and norms. Business ethics aims to discuss the business conduct/activities that raise moral issues and to improve the ethical quality of decision-making process at all levels micro-, meso-, and macro-level (Enderle) through education.

“What Do Someone’s Eyes Indicate About His or Her Personality?

What do mortals eye indicate somewhat his or her soulfulnessality? Personality consists of a wide variety of attributes and traits therefore I do not believe that a personality can be determined merely by looking at someones eyes. However, there is a component of body language, which is a look of your inner feelings Most everyone knows the fact that personality can also be learned. For example, a person who learns to be shy due to experience, customs, culture may exhibit a downward gaze. A confident person may exhibit a straight-forward look and be more reassured.The bottom line is that eye radio link could reveal a persons personality, moods, emotions, farther reactions. Etc. Most people make eye contact in some way, Ive never had much of an issue with it nor used it to make judgments about people unless one is every so shy or maladaptive that they cannot look someone in the eye or guinea pig to face and divert their eyes away, upward or downward while speaking which sends ou t a warning signal about a personality issue, and Im not speaking about cultural differences of covering respect by keeping the eyes somewhat lowered.The ones I speak of cannot speak directly to you. scarcely have you ever encountered those with lazy eye or wandering eye where their eyes go in opposite directions and they cannot help it? They are looking at you but their eyes wander off and its a disability they cannot help. Some people have an evil eye, have you noticed? When they are move to scam you or pull something over on you? What about laughing eyes? When there is so much joy inside a person it just exudes from their eyes. Eyes are very expressive.You cannot drop off sad eyes and know someone is suffering but trying to put on a good front. Darting eyes are nervous eyes, suspicious eyes, why is this person checking everything out? And have you come out the look in the eyes of a person who temporarily spaces out and you know they have leftfield the scene is gone? These a re a few things that I see when I look into someone eyes. I guess the question is left to the eye of the beholder. Can you tell what someones eyes indicate about his or her personality? Word Count385

Tina Turner

Tina Turner (born Anna Mae Bullock November 26, 1939) is an American singer and actress whose career has spanned more than 50 years. She has won numerous awards and her achievements in the rock music genre have earned her the title The butt of Rock n Roll.123 Turner started out her music career with husband Ike Turner as a component of the Ike & Tina Turner Revue.4 Success followed with a string of hits including River Deep, Mountain High and the 1971 hit Proud Mary.With the result of her autobiography I, Tina (1986), Turner revealed severe instances of spousal abuse against her by Ike Turner prior to their 1976 split and later(prenominal) 1978 divorce. After virtually disappearing from the music scene for several years following her divorce from Ike Turner, she rebuilt her career, foundation a string of hits beginning in 1983 with the single Lets Stay Together and the 1984 release of her fifth unaccompanied album Private Dancer.Her musical career led to film characters, begin ning with a prominent role as The Acid Queen in the 1975 film Tommy, and an appearance in Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts ordering Band. She starred opposite Mel Gibson as Aunty Entity in Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome for which she received the NAACP render Award for Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture, and her version of the films theme, We Dont Need An some other Hero, was a hit single. She appeared in the 1993 film Last Action Hero.One of the worlds near popular entertainers, Turner has been called the most successful female rock artist5 and was named one of the greatest singers of all time by Rolling Stone.6 Her albums and single have sold nearly 180 million copies worldwide.78 She has sold more concert tickets than any other solo music performer in history.910 She is known for her energetic stage presence,2 powerful vocals, career longevity,9 and far-flung appeal.11 In 2008, Turner left semi-retirement to embark on her Tina 50th Anniversary Tour.1213 Turners tour became one of t he highest selling ticketed shows of 2008-2009.8 Turner was born a Baptist, but converted to Buddhism and credits the spiritual chants with giving her the strength that she compulsory to get through the rough times.14

Cognitive Process Culture Essay

Lamadrid takes into account the novelical or magical dimension of the novel and relates it to the emerging neighborly consciousness of the protagonist. He asserts that Anaya elucidates that the command of Curandera is consequential in nature is derived from mythical though process and it end point knowledge. These mythical thought processes itself are derived from resolution of the contradiction that is inherent within the culture. So he portrays actor as capability to contemplate and comprehend the social processes in a dialectical way.So myth is not something extra-human and acultural phenomenon but it is a cognitive representation of social thought process. This scholarly article facilitates readers to understand the role of Antonio in the context of mythical realism and development of his mature social consciousness at the end of the novel. People resort to Antonio at critical times because they are inherently aware that these mediators name powers that can offer remedies t o their maladies. So myth helps understanding the role of Antonio in the society and how this role is established.Mancelos, Joao de. Witchcraft, start and Cultural Identity in Rudolfo Anayas Bless Me, Ultima. Alfarrabio. Retreieved on 12 October 2008. Website This article manifests the development of Antonio and how distinguishable elements of chicano culture i. e. witchcraft, cultural identity play a vital role in helping him achieving maturity. He considers the role of Ultima and his witchcraft prowess to help Antonio explore his cultural identity.This article elaborates the role of his familial traditions, by his Hispanic lineage and his Catholic religion at an early stage of his life. Later he wise(p) the tussle between Ultima and his religions but prefers Ultima and his witchcraft. All this contribute toward his maturity at the end of the novel. This article explains unhomogeneous developmental stages of Antonio and contribution of various factors during these periods and enables us to understand the contributories toward this development.

Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 9

Assignment - Essay Examplealued and measured and as such how organizations will effectively communicate the contents of their business purpose to key stakeholders such as the relevant investors and employees. Lastly this paper will provide my opinion on which of the three businesses is the most apparent to succeed and which of the three businesses is most likely to fail. The format that this paper will take is to first relegate the business case, present a little background information on the company and follow up with the relevant analysis by conducting a marketing plan, operating theatreal plan, financial plan, an a human resources plan for each business.The first sample business plan that this paper will address will be Singapore Airlines proposed all business class service. According to the Company Website (2010) Singapore Airlines has introduced a daily cinch service to New York (Newark) and to Los Angeles on their new A340-500 which would be fitted with 100 seats configure d in a 1-2-1 floor pattern. According to BTN Online (2008) it was the case that the pushoverline had first proposed the idea a few years past and had proposed a price at approximately $8,200 per person for the Newark flight. While this seems like a dramatic convince for the airline it was the case that the company had been moving this direction for quite some time, as many of the resembling planes in operation have a two class system and feature only a total of 181 seats.Singapore airlines have long been known as the flagship carrier of Singapore, and operate a exceed known to be one of the larges air carriers in Asia. It is the case that the company according to their website has been in operation since 1947 when the company was founded as Malaysian airways. The company has long tried to differentiate itself from a number of its competitors as offering one of the more premium flying experiences in the world and as of 2010 it ranks among the top air carriers globally in terms o f revenue earned from passenger kilometers.As the company is

Managing work life balance and wellness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managing work life balance and health - Essay vitrineThe recent economic crisis is thinning and with that, HR managers are scheduling interviews. Companies obtain started viewing their employees as an in-chief(postnominal) and noteworthy fraction within the stakeholders list. Hence, now the scenario calls for improvement in working conditions job stress, work-life balance and employee wellness are factors that are taken very seriously by HR managers. This diversity was primarily enliven by studies that show the correlation amongst moral fitness and organizational execution of instrument (Hancock & Szalma, 2008, pp.32-34). Research shows that (Cassidy et al., 2009, p.262) while a poor work-life balance has a long lasting negative effect on an employees productivity, it is such(prenominal) more harmful for his/her creativity. Therefore, it is more so essential for HR managers in creative firms to maintain labyrinthine sense within an employees timetable. People Management Cha llenges faced by HR Professionals I. Change Management speckle change management is vastly a broad term, therefore the focus here would lie upon deuce-ace major changes 1. Economic Change Change brought about by variations (mostly negative) within economic conditions drastically affects an employees work-life balance, this is because adverse economic conditions point towards job losses and this possible loss-of-secure-income position drastically affects an employees performance as the employee loses sight of his goals and concentrates more towards keeping his job intact. This situation according to CIPD (2010) creates stress, which would result in behavioral changes such as lack of focus, failures of commitments, increased time on work (due to reduced work speed and lack of commitment). 2. Technological Change While it is commonly believed that adapting newer technology would result in job-cuts, researches have prove otherwise (Hayter, 2000, p.267). But this too does not hold t rue for some industries, as while machine might not necessarily cut jobs, but they definitely bring about a change by drastically increasing the level of skill required to conduct an operation, this increase in mental pressure is responsible for stress which disrupts work-life balance. 3. Strategic or Operational changes While operational changes are a must for every organization owing to changes in consumer behaviour and technological enhancements, such changes many have many effects on an employees performance, as operational behaviour sometimes become compulsive. The boilers suit wellness and work-life balance is largely based upon the HR departments ability to handle and enhance change within an organization. In order to avoid complications, the HR team must prepare a theoretical training module based upon the proposed changes and initiate training procedures to prepare the mental faculty for the upcoming change. II. clock Management Time management is a crucial challenge f or HR professionals, as time is the infrastructure of the work-life balance. While some might disagree that time management is concerned with HR, it is not true as under most professional work environments the revenues are high enough to sustain explicit staff members for each type of job, then it is the responsibility of the HR department to allot work to the best meet employee or department. A recent initiative by the HR department ofR depatym,ent DS Norden a Dutch